Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a condition in which the coronary arteries become narrowed or hardened from plaque buildup causing the heart to be restricted from getting the blood and oxygen it needs.  This type of heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the US.

Normal artery

Blocked artery

Plaque consists of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other material that builds up on the inner walls of the arteries.  Plaque buildup increase the risk of a blood clot forming which can either partially or completely block the blood flow to the heart.  When the blood flow is narrowed or blocked this can cause angina (chest pain) or a heart attack.  Coronary heart disease leaves the heart weakened and can cause heart failure or arrhythmias. 

Ways to help prevent CAD would be to exercise, eat right, and not smoke.  Some medications prescribed from a physician can be used to help lower LDL cholesterol levels and treating high blood pressure which can also help prevent CAD.