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Heart Attack
What is a Heart Attack?
A heart attack takes place when a section of the heart muscle is starved of oxygen long enough where it becomes damaged and begins to die. Most heart attacks are caused by a blockage in one of the main arteries. In general, a heart attack occurs when a blood clot obstructs the blood flow in a coronary artery at the location of plaque buildup. Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of a heart attack. If the blocked coronary artery is not treated quickly, part of the heart muscle will die and will be replaced with scare tissue and may cause serious or long lasting problems.
How do I know if I'm having a Heart Attack?
When there are indicators of a possible heart attack, it is very important to act fast to get the proper treatment as soon as possible. The sooner treatment can be started, the more effective the outcome will be. If the blockage is removed within the first few hours, much of the dying heart muscle can be salvaged. Responding quickly to heart attack symptoms can reduce permanent damage and save a life. Most common symptoms include chest pain or chest discomfort which could feel like a pressure, squeezing or mild to strong pain in the center of the chest. Some people experience discomfort or pain that extends from the chest into the jaw, neck, arms, stomach or back. Shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, dizziness, fainting, or cold sweats may also be signs of a heart attack.
Many people who are experiencing a heart attack do not have what they would think would be a classic symptoms of a heart attack. Some people will only experience a heart burn sensation or mild discomfort and may not think that it is their heart, keeping them from seeking medical attention. People with higher risk of coronary artery disease should pay close attention to any unusual symptoms that take place in the upper body.
What do I do if I'm having a Heart Attack?
When a person is experiencing symptoms of a heart attack, the best thing to do would be to dial 911 within 5 minutes of the first sign of symptoms. They should be rushed to a hospital by ambulance, as taking a personal vehicle will only delay treatment. If a person feels as if they are having a heart attack they should take an aspirin and/or a nitroglycerin tablet. If a patient has been prescribed nitroglycerine tablets and is experiencing chest pains, one tab should be placed under the tongue until it dissolves. If the chest pains continue this process should be repeated at 5 minute intervals and if the pain is not relieved then 911 should be called.
What can I expect when I arrive to the hospital?
When a heart attack patient arrives to the ER the medical team will be working quickly to get this patient hooked up to a cardiac monitor, start an I.V., get an EKG, take some blood tests and asking questions about the symptoms he or she is experiencing. The medical team will check the patient's vitals and examine them to determine whether or not this patient is in fact having a heart attack. Once a heart attack is diagnosed, immediate action will take place to remove the blockage and get the blood flowing again through the coronary artery.
